Quoting Matthew Green
Anthropic's Claude is demonstrating cryptanalysis capability during the post-quantum cryptography transition
“If there was ever a perfect time for a massive new public cryptanalysis capability to come on line, we're in it.”
Anthropic published research showing Claude can discover cryptographic weaknesses, prompting cryptographer Matthew Green to note the timing is historically significant: the industry is mid-transition from RSA/EC-based to post-quantum algorithms. Green argues AI cryptanalysis arriving now could strengthen the field by validating hard problems and producing a more robust cryptanalysis literature, though he acknowledges the risk if AI undermines foundational assumptions entirely.